The European Union (EU) has officially packed its bags and closed the door on the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT). On…
EU’s shift to geopolitical power from normative In his famous 2002 article, Ian Manners claimed that when acting externally as…
On 24 May 2023, Justice Fraser issued a comprehensive judgment in Infrastructure Services Luxembourg v Kingdom of Spain, rejecting Spain’s defences…
On 2 September 2021, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) issued the much-awaited judgement in the Komstroy…
The choice of word in the current debate concerning antitrust and the digital economy is often not merely data, but…
The CJEU delivered its judgment in the Tjebbes case. Sparking vibrant academic discussions and only further confusing the referring national…
It has been over one year since the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) rendered its judgment in…
Nine years after delivering its judgment in the infamous Rottmann case, the Grand Chamber of the Court of Justice of…
Introduction ‘Undemocratic‘, ‘unaccountable‘, obscure are among the words commonly used by critics to criticize the current investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS)…
Introduction It would be an understatement to say that the new generation of trade agreements raises complex legal and political…