Introduction Unlike other contentious issues under international investment arbitration such as expropriation and jurisdiction, discussions regarding calculation of damages and…
The choice of word in the current debate concerning antitrust and the digital economy is often not merely data, but…
Mary Shelley’s classic novel ‘Frankenstein, Or The Modern Prometheus’ has become a classic reference to the ethical questions attached to…
A State’s duty to provide full protection and security to foreign investments is a staple of modern investment treaty law…
Since its inception in 1995, the Dispute Settlement System (DSS) of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has built a formidable…
The CJEU delivered its judgment in the Tjebbes case. Sparking vibrant academic discussions and only further confusing the referring national…
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) has recognised the right to self-determination as an obligation erga omnes and an essential…
On October 1st 2019, the Arrangement Concerning Mutual Assistance in Court-ordered Interim Measures in Aid of Arbitral Proceedings (hereinafter referred…
The reintroduction of the Active Cyber Defense Certainty Act (ACDC) to the 116th U.S. Congress in June 2019 has reignited…
An open Security Council debate in April of this year was the latest of a series of initiatives announced by…