On 2 September 2021, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) issued the much-awaited judgement in the Komstroy…
During their very first years of statehood, modern Latvia and Lithuania confronted the urgent need to determine the borderline between…
The green economy framework, contained in such instruments as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (‘UNFCCC’) and the…
Environmental treaty obligations are regularly invoked by investment tribunals; statistically, from 2012 to 2015, environmental considerations were invoked 65 times…
The existence of an investment gives an ICSID tribunal jurisdiction ratione materiae. To ascertain its existence, an ICSID tribunal may…
Consolidation and joinder of arbitration proceedings and parties in international arbitration are powerful tools for case management. Globalization has fostered…
After an eight-year-long legally and politically controversial voyage in the Enrica Lexie incident (The Italian Republic v. The Republic Of…
Repatriation of art looted during armed conflicts or foreign occupations is still a major concern for many countries, who have…
Party-appointed experts occupy a position of growing importance in international arbitration. This is particularly evident in disputes involving a highly…
In an era where technology is at the forefront of development, smart contracts and blockchain are not new concepts. While…